Maotherium Sommaire Étymologie | Description | Classification | Notes et références | Voir aussi | Menu de navigation10.1111/j.1755-6724.2003.tb00104.x10.1002/gj.1054lire en ligne27215593487767610.1038/srep26668Maotherium sinensis Rougier et al., 2003Maotherium asiaticus Ji et al., 2009Maotherium

TheriaMammifère du CrétacéAnimal du Crétacé inférieurBiote de Jehol


GenreEspècesgenreéteintordresymmétrodontesfamilleZhangheotheriidaeespècesbiote de JeholCrétacé inférieurAptienformation géologiqueYixianprovinceLiaoningspécimenhomme d'Étatchef militairechinoisMao Zedongoreille moyennecartilage de Meckel(en)cladogrammeSpalacotheriidae







Maotherium



Description de cette image, également commentée ci-après

Dessin du squelette de Maotherium sinensis[1].
La barre horizontale mesure 1 centimètre.
















Classification
Règne
Animalia
Embranchement
Chordata
Sous-embr.
Vertebrata
Classe
Mammalia
Clade
Theriiformes
Ordre
† Symmetrodonta
Famille
† Zhangheotheriidae

Genre



† Maotherium
Q. Ji et al.[2], 2003

Espèces de rang inférieur




  • † Maotherium sinicus G. Rougier et al.[2], 2003 (espèce type)


  • † Maotherium asiaticus Q. Ji et al.[3] , 2009



Maotherium est un genre éteint de petits mammifères primitifs de l'ordre des symmétrodontes[4] et de la famille des Zhangheotheriidae[5].


Les deux espèces connues M. sinensis et M. asiaticus proviennent du (biote de Jehol) du Crétacé inférieur (Aptien). Elles ont été décuvertes dans la formation géologique d'Yixian en Chine, dans la province de Liaoning[2],[3]. Elles ont été décrites en 2003 et 2009. Chacune de ces deux espèces n'est connue que par un seul spécimen représenté par un squelette presque complet.


Le fossile de M. sinensis, très bien conservé, montre l'empreinte de poils qui couvraient le corps de l'animal, comme c'est le cas d'autres mammifères primitifs du biote de Jehol : Eomaia, Sinodelphys.




Sommaire





  • 1 Étymologie


  • 2 Description


  • 3 Classification


  • 4 Notes et références

    • 4.1 Références


    • 4.2 Références taxinomiques



  • 5 Voir aussi

    • 5.1 Annexes


    • 5.2 Articles connexes





Étymologie |


Le nom de genre Maotherium fait référence à l'homme d'État et chef militaire chinois Mao Zedong et signifie « la bête de Mao ».



Description |


C'est un animal couvert de poils, d'une quinzaine de centimètres de long (10 centimètres sans la queue).
Il est caractérisé par la forme de ses dents, triangulaires et pointues.


La préservation exceptionnelle de la structure de l'oreille moyenne de Maotherium asiaticus montre une ossification du cartilage de Meckel (en) comme chez les mammifères actuels[6].



Classification |


À l'occasion de la description d'un nouveau genre (Anebodon) en 2016, Bi et al. ont établi le cladogramme suivant, limité aux Zhangheotheriidae[7], où Maootherium apparaît comme assez évolué parmi les Zhangheotheriidae, en position de transition vers les Spalacotheriidae[7]:




 Zhangheotheriidae 













Anebodon





Kiyatherium












Maotherium











Zhangheotherium









autres Symmetrodonta non-Zhangheotheriidae








Notes et références |



Références |




  1. ↑ (en) Kielan−Jaworowska, Z. and Hurum, J.H. 2006. Limb posture in early mammals: Sprawling or parasagittal. Acta Palae−
    ontologica Polonica vol. 51, no 3, 2006, p. 393–406, [1]


  2. ↑ a b et c(en) Guillermo W. Rougier, JI Qiang et Michael J. Novacek, « A New Symmetrodont Mammal with Fur Impressions from the Mesozoic of China », Acta Geologica Sinica, vol. 77, no 1,‎ 2003, p. 7–14 (DOI 10.1111/j.1755-6724.2003.tb00104.x)


  3. ↑ a et b(en) Q. Ji, Z.-X. Luo, X. Zhang, C.-X. Yuan, and L. Xu. 2009. Evolutionary Development of the Middle Ear in Mesozoic Therian Mammals. Science 326:278-281


  4. ↑ (en) J. Meng, Y. Hu, C. Li et Y. Wang, « The mammal fauna in the Early Cretaceous Jehol Biota: implications for diversity and biology of Mesozoic mammals », Geological Journal, vol. 41, nos 3–4,‎ 2006, p. 439–463 (DOI 10.1002/gj.1054)


  5. ↑ (en) Bi, S. et al. A new symmetrodont mammal (Trechnotheria: Zhangheotheriidae) from the Early Cretaceous of China and trechnotherian character evolution. Sci. Rep. 6, 26668; doi: 10.1038/srep26668 (2016), [2]


  6. ↑ (en) Ji Qiang, Luo Zhe-Xi, Zhang Xingliao, Yuan Chong-Xi, Xu Li (2009). "Evolutionary development of the middle ear in Mesozoic therian mammals". Science 326 (5950): 278-281. doi:10.1126/science.1178501. lire en ligne.


  7. ↑ a et b(en) Shundong Bi, Xiaoting Zheng, Jin Meng, Xiaoli Wang, Nicole Robinson et Brian Davis, « A new symmetrodont mammal (Trechnotheria: Zhangheotheriidae) from the Early Cretaceous of China and trechnotherian character evolution », Scientific Reports, vol. 6,‎ 2016, p. 26668 (PMID 27215593, PMCID 4877676, DOI 10.1038/srep26668), [3]




Références taxinomiques |


  • (en) Référence Paleobiology Database : Maotherium sinensis Rougier et al., 2003

  • (en) Référence Paleobiology Database : Maotherium asiaticus Ji et al., 2009


Voir aussi |



Annexes |


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Sur les autres projets Wikimedia :



  • Maotherium, sur Wikimedia Commons


  • Maotherium, sur Wikispecies



Articles connexes |


  • Histoire évolutive des mammifères
  • Portail de la paléontologie Portail de la paléontologie
  • Portail des mammifères Portail des mammifères
  • Portail de la Chine Portail de la Chine

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